Boletín de la Sociedad Zoológica del Uruguay, 2026
Vol. 35(1): e35.1.5
ISSN 2393-6940
https://journal.szu.org.uy
DOI: https://doi.org/10.26462/35.1.5
ABSTRACT
Two new species of tree crickets of the genus Brazitrypa
Gorochov, 2011 (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Oecanthidae),
Brazitrypa australis sp. nov. and B. brevipennis sp. nov.,
are described from Uruguay. These species represent the
first records of Oecanthidae with type localities in the
country and the southernmost occurrence of the genus.
Specimens were collected from riparian forests along the
Uruguay and Queguay rivers, in the Department of
Paysandú. The new species are diagnosed primarily by
the morphology of the male genitalia and metanotal
structures, which provide reliable characters for species
recognition within Neometrypini. Brazitrypa australis sp.
nov. is characterized by a reduced ectophallic
invagination, metanotal median tubercle with a
trapezoidal posterior margin, and forewings covering the
entire abdomen. In contrast, B. brevipennis sp. nov.
exhibits a well-developed ectophallic invagination, a
metanotal median tubercle posterior margin strongly
sclerotized, and distinctly shortened forewings that reach
only part of the abdomen. These findings extend the
known distribution of Brazitrypa to southern South
America and highlight the biogeographic relevance of
Uruguayan riparian forests as corridors facilitating the
southward expansion of subtropical Orthoptera.
Keywords: Insect, Ensifera, taxonomy, morphology,
genitalia
RESUMEN
Brazitrypa australis sp. nov. y Brazitrypa brevipennis
sp. nov. (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Oecanthidae): dos
nuevas especies de grillo arborícola de Uruguay. Se
describen dos nuevas especies de grillos arborícolas del
género Brazitrypa Gorochov, 2011 (Orthoptera:
Grylloidea: Oecanthidae), Brazitrypa australis sp. nov. y
B. brevipennis sp. nov., procedentes de Uruguay. Estas
especies constituyen los primeros registros de
Oecanthidae con localidades tipo en el país y representan
el límite austral de distribución del género. Los ejemplares
fueron colectados en bosques ribereños a lo largo de los
ríos Uruguay y Queguay, en el departamento de
Paysandú. Las nuevas especies se diagnostican
principalmente por la morfología de la genitalia masculina
y de las estructuras metanotales, las cuales proveen
caracteres confiables para la delimitación específica
dentro de Neometrypini. Brazitrypa australis sp. nov. se
caracteriza por presentar una invaginación ectofálica
reducida, un tubérculo mediano metanotal con margen
posterior trapezoidal y alas anteriores que cubren
completamente el abdomen. En contraste, B. brevipennis
sp. nov. presenta invaginación ectofálica bien
desarrollada, margen posterior del tubérculo mediano
metanotal fuertemente esclerotizado, y alas anteriores
notablemente acortadas, que alcanzan solo parte del
abdomen. Estos hallazgos amplían la distribución
conocida de Brazitrypa hacia el sur de América del Sur y
destacan la relevancia biogeográfica de los bosques
ribereños de Uruguay como corredores que facilitan la
expansión de ortópteros subtropicales hacia regiones
templadas.
Palabras clave: Insecto, Ensifera, taxonomía,
morfología, genitalia
INTRODUCTION
Crickets of the family Oecanthidae, commonly
known as bush-crickets or tree-crickets, occur in all
Bol. Soc. Zool. Uruguay (2ª época). 2026. ISSN 2393-6940Vol. 35(1): e35.1.5
Brazitrypa australis sp. nov. and Brazitrypa brevipennis sp. nov. (ORTHOPTERA: GRYLLOIDEA:
OECANTHIDAE): TWO NEW SPECIES OF TREE-CRICKET FROM URUGUAY
1 2 3
Edison Zefa , Estrellita Lorier and Lucas Denadai de Campos
1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Departamento de
Ecologia, Zoologia e Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
2 Sección Entomología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
3 Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
*Corresponding author: edzefa@gmail.com
Date of receipt: February 2, 2026
Date of acceptance: March 2, 2026
* .
2
ZEFA et al.
strata of tropical and subtropical forests (Campos,
Souza-Dias, Audino, Desutter-Grandcolas & Nihei,
2022). Approximately 1,452 valid species are currently
recognized, distributed among the subfamilies
Euscyrtinae Gorochov, 1985, Oecanthinae Blanchard,
1845, Podoscirtinae Saussure, 1878, and Tafaliscinae
Desutter-Grandcolas, 1988, the latter of which is
distributed throughout the Nearctic and Neotropical
regions (Cigliano, Braun, Eades & Otte, 2026).
Within Tafaliscinae, the tribe Neometrypini
Desutter-Grandcolas, 1988 is restricted to South
America and includes the genera Annelotrypa,
Campos & Tonon 2026, Aphonodiacanthus Tonon &
Campos 2025, Apterotrypa Gorochov, 2017,
Brazitrypa Gorochov, 2011, Cylindrogryllus Saussure,
1878, Dicerorostrum Gorochov, 2017, Neometrypus
Desutter, 1988, and Nessa Walker, 1869 (Campos et
al., 2022, Cigliano et al., 2026).
The genus B r az it ryp a Gorochov, 2011
(Paroecanthidi, Neometrypini) was described based
on the type species B. longiapex Gorochov, 2011. In the
original description, Gorochov (2011) related this
genus to Tafalisca Walker, 1869 and Mexitrypa
Gorochov, 2011 (both Tafaliscidi, Tafaliscini) due to
similarities in external body morphology and the
arrangement of spines on the hind tibiae, as well as the
absence of both stridulatory apparatus and tympanum.
However, these genera can be distinguished by the
morphology of the metanotal structures, male genitalia,
and apex of the ovipositor (Campos & Desutter-
Grandcolas 2020).
Based on these characters, Gorochov (2011)
transferred Metrypa haanii Saussure, 1874, Tafalisca
paranaensis de Mello & Souza-Dias, 2010, and
Tafalisca paulista Rehn, 1918 to Brazitrypa. Later,
Metrypus bahiensis Saussure, 1878, originally
transferred to Tafalisca by Kirby (1906), was moved to
Brazitrypa by Campos et al. (2022), and Tafalisca
maroniensis Chopard, 1930 was likewise transferred
by Campos & Desutter-Grandcolas (2020).
Following the taxonomic revisions of Gorochov
(2011), Campos & Desutter-Grandcolas (2020), and
Campos et al. (2022), the genus Brazitrypa currently
includes seven valid species: B. cornuta Campos &
Desutter-Grandcolas, 2020 and B. maroniensis
(Chopard, 1930) from French Guiana; and B. bahiensis
(Saussure, 1878), B. haanii (Saussure, 1874), B.
longiapex Gorochov, 2011, B. paranaensis (de Mello &
Souza-Dias, 2010), and B. paulista (Rehn, 1918) from
Brazil.
The biology of Brazitrypa species remains poorly
understood. These crickets exhibit nocturnal activity
and feed on leaves and branches of various trees and
shrubs. Their elongated, cylindrical bodies and strong,
short hind legs are adaptations that facilitate
movement through dense foliage and small branches.
During daylight hours, individuals typically remain
hidden, aligning themselves along leaf veins or within
branches, starting activity only at night (Campos et al.
2022).
In South America, approximately 270 valid
Oecanthidae species are known (Cigliano et al. 2026),
yet none have a type locality or confirmed record from
Uruguay. In this study, we describe two new species of
Brazitrypa collected near the Queguay river and the
Uruguay river, Paysandú Department, Uruguay,
representing the southernmost record of the genus and
the first two Oecanthidae species with type localities in
the country.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
One adult male of each new species was manually
collected from tree trunks in the riparian forest of Las
Delicias Colony (Colonización), Paysandú
o o
Department, Uruguay, 32 04'45,7" S - 58 08'19,8" W,
on 20 January 2024, by E. Lorier, V. Pacheco, P.
Martínez, A. Costa, and M. Panzera. The collection site
is located near the confluence of the Queguay and
Uruguay rivers.
Photographs and morphometric measurements
were taken under a Zeiss Discovery V20
stereomicroscope equipped with the AxioVision
imaging system. The holotype of B. australis sp. nov
was photographed in dry condition, and body regions of
both new species were photographed after immersion
in ethanol 70% to improve the visualization of structural
details.
Male genitalia were treated with a 10% aqueous
KOH solution to remove soft tissues, following
standard procedures. Terminology of genital structures
follows Campos & Desutter-Grandcolas (2020) and
Desutter-Grandcolas (2003).
Measurements were taken for the following
structures: total body length (from the fastigium to the
apex of the supra-anal plate), pronotum length and
width (measured at the anterior and posterior margins),
and lengths of femur and tibia III. Subapical and apical
spurs formula indicated inner/outer spurs, respectively,
counted from distal spurs upwards.
Depository. Holotypes are deposited in the
Colección Entomológica de la Facultad de Ciencias,
Universidad de la República (FCE), Montevideo,
Uruguay.
RESULTS
Brazitrypa australis Zefa, Lorier & Campos sp. nov.
Type locality. Uruguay, Paysandú Department,
Las Delicias Colony.
Etymology. The specific epithet “australis” is
derived from the Latin adjective australis (southern), in
reference to the southern distribution of the species
compared to its congeners.
Bol. Soc. Zool. Uruguay (2ª época). 2026. ISSN 2393-6940Vol. 35(1): e35.1.5
3Two new species of Tree-Crickets Oecanthidae from Uruguay
Type material. Uruguay, Paysandú Department,
Las Delicias Colony, 20.i.2024, E. Lorier, V. Pacheco, P.
Martínez, A. Costa, and M. Panzera leg. (FCE).
Holotype condition. Specimen preserved in 70%
ethanol; left foreleg detached; right hindleg missing;
right tegmen removed; left tegmen broken; genitalia
dissected and stored in a 200 µL microtube. All
removed structures are preserved within the holotype
vial.
Diagnosis. Combination of the following
characteristics: pseudepiphallic apodeme absent;
lateral lophi (LLophi) curved inward (Figs. 11-12),
forming two short branches (Fig. 15, LLophi a,b);
ectophallic apodeme (EctAp) and ectophallic arc (Arc)
reduced (Fig. 14). Metanotal median tubercle posterior
margin trapezoidal (Fig. 5b), transverse median
process petal-shaped (Fig. 5c); metanotal trapezoidal
structure curved dorsoposteriorly at the apex (Fig. 5d).
One small spine between inner and outer subapical
spurs on the TIII (Fig. 10).
Description. Holotype ♂. Body. Medium-sized,
pubescent; dark brown dorsally, light brown ventrally,
except for the last abdominal segments and subgenital
plate, dark brown. Head. Vertex and occiput
pubescent, dark brown. Fastigium as long as wide,
pubescent; frons dark brown dorsally and light brown
ventrally, with bristles (Fig. 3); eyes longer than wide in
lateral view, ommatids black, laterodorsal ommatids
depigmented where lies the antennal scape (Fig. 3);
antennal scape, pedicel, and flagellomeres uniformly
light brown (Figs. 3-4); gena, clypeus and labrum
whitish, mandibles whitish, outlined with dark brown;
maxillary palpi slightly pubescent; palpomere 3 longer
than 4, palpomeres 4 and 5 subequal in length, the
latter claviform; labial palpi whitish, increasing in size
towards the apex (Fig. 4). Pronotum. Dorsal disc
pubescent, dark brown; cephalic margin slightly
concave, with bristles; caudal margin slightly convex,
with bristles, wider than cephalic margin (Fig. 3); lateral
lobes dark brown; ventrocephalic margin whitish (Fig.
4). Legs. Legs I, II and III light browns, similar in color
as to the ventral abdomen, except for tarsomeres,
tibiae, and apex of femora dark brown. Legs I: tibia I
with two ventral apical spurs, equal in length, and one
dorsal inner apical spur, longer than the ventral spurs;
tympana absent (Fig. 9). Legs II: tibia II with two ventral
spurs, equal in length, and two dorsal spurs, shorter
than the ventral ones. Legs III. femur III slightly longer
than tibiae III; light brown, with a longitudinal brown
stripe on outer face, apex dark brown (Fig. 1). Tibia III
with 5 outer and 4 inner subapical spurs (5/4), each
side with one spine between the spurs (Fig. 10); 6
spines decreasing in size beyond the fourth inner
subapical spur, and 3 spines beyond the fifth inner
subapical spur (Fig. 10); tibia III with 3 outer and 3 inner
apical spurs (3/3); inner apical spurs decreasing in
size: dorsal longest (iad), median shorter (iam), ventral
smallest (iav) (Fig. 8); outer apical spurs: median
longest (oam), dorsal slightly shorter (oad), ventral
nearly equal in length to dorsal (oav) (Fig. 7); spurs and
spines tipped with dark brown. Basitarsus with 4 outer
(Fig. 10, a-d) and 2 inner dorsal spines (Fig. 10, e-f)
(4/2), and two apical spurs, both long and equal in size
(Fig. 10, g-h). Wings. Forewings covering entire
abdomen; dorsal field with 6 dark brown longitudinal
veins; lateral field include a radial vein (R), and 4
subcostal veins (Sc), first with three branches and
others unbranched; dorsal and lateral fields with
numerous weak crossveins between longitudinal veins
(Fig. 2); stridulatory apparatus absent. Hindwings
slightly shorter than forewings. Metanotal Structures.
Anterolateral regions inflated, whitish, without bristles
(Fig. 5a); median tubercles globose, covered with
bristles, posterior margin trapezoidal, whitish at the
apex (Fig. 5b); transverse median process petal-
shaped (Fig. 5c); trapezoidal structure, apex curved
dorsoposteriorly, whitish at the anterior region (Fig. 5d).
Abdomen. Posterior tergites dark brown, last three
abdominal tergites darker; sternites light brown,
contrasting with the subgenital plate dark brown.
Supranal plate trapezoidal in shape (Fig. 6, sap);
subgenital plate longer than wide, posterior margin
oval (Fig. 6, sgp). Cerci as long as tibiae TIII. Male
genitalia. Pseudepiphallus: pseudepiphallic sclerite
longer than wide (Figs. 11-13); Lateral lophi curved
inward (Figs. 11-12, LLophi), forming two short
sclerotized branches; one pointed and bent backward
(Fig. 15, LLophi a); other branch short, truncated, and
directed inward (Fig. 15, LLophi b); between these
branches, an unsclerotized, transparent lobe projected
medially toward apex of ectophallic fold (Fig. 15,
LLophi c). Pseudepiphallic apodeme absent.
Pseudepiphallic parameres well developed, apex
divided into two lobes, straight and inclined inward,
reaching the posterior margin of the LLophi (Figs. 12-
13, PsP); Ectophallic invagination: ectophallic
apodeme reduced (Figs. 12, 14, EctAp); ectophallic arc
reduced and incomplete (Figs. 12, 14, Arc); ventral
projections of ectophallic invagination longer than
EctAp (Fig. 14, vpEct); ectophallic fold well sclerotized,
posterior apex truncated (Figs. 11, 15, EctF).
Endophallus: endophallic sclerite elongate,
dorsoventrally flattened, slightly sclerotized anteriorly
and posteriorly, with anterior margin rounded (Figs. 11-
12, EndSc). Remark. The rami were lost during
dissection of the genitalia. Measurements (mm): body
length, 18.4; head length, 2.43; pronotum length, 3.62;
pronotum anterior (3.04) and posterior (4.75) margin
width; femur length, 9.09; tibiae length, 6.45; cercus
length, 6.55.
Female: unknown.
Bol. Soc. Zool. Uruguay (2ª época). 2026. ISSN 2393-6940Vol. 35(1): e35.1.5
ZEFA et al.
Brazitrypa brevipennis Zefa, Lorier & Campos sp.
nov.
Type locality. Uruguay, Paysandú Department,
Las Delicias Colony.
Etymology. The specific epithet “brevipennis”
refers to the shortened forewings of the new species, in
contrast to its sympatric congener B. australis sp. nov.
Type material. Uruguay, Paysandú Department,
Las Delicias Colony, 20.i.2024, E. Lorier, V. Pacheco, P.
Martínez, A. Costa, and M. Panzera leg. (FCE).
Holotype condition. Specimen preserved in 70%
ethanol; forelegs and right forewing detached; genitalia
dissected and stored in a 200 µL microtube. All
removed structures are preserved within the holotype
vial.
Diagnosis. Combination of the following
characteristics: shortened forewings reaching the
seventh abdominal tergite. Pseudepiphallic apodeme
absent. Ectophallic apodeme and ectophallic arc well
developed (Fig. 28); endophallic sclerite wrinkled,
endophallic apodeme present, anterior margin dilated
with a distinct median sharp-pointed projection (Figs
28-29). Metanotal median tubercle posterior margin
with two strongly sclerotized, medially directed
projections (Figs. 20b, 21b); one small spine between
inner and outer subapical spurs on the TIII (Figs, 23-24,
26-27).
Description. Holotype ♂. Body. Medium-sized,
pubescent; dark brown dorsally, light brown ventrally,
except for the subgenital plate, dark brown. Head.
Vertex and occiput pubescent, dark brown; fastigium
as long as wide, pubescent; frons dark brown dorsally
and light brown ventrally, with bristles (Fig. 18); eyes
4
Figs. 1–10. Habitus of the Holotype of Brazitrypa australis sp. nov. 1–male, dorsal view (dried); 2–Right tegmen: df, dorsal field; lf,
lateral field; 3–Head and pronotum, dorsal view; 4–Head and pronotum, lateral view; 5–Metanotal structures: a, anterolateral
regions; b, median tubercle; c, transverse median process; d, anteromedial projections; 6–terminalia, dorsal view: sap, supranal
plate; sgp, subgenital plate; 7–tibia apex and tarsomeres: oav, outer apical spur ventral; oam, outer apical spur medial; oad, outer
apical spur dorsal; 8–tibia apex and tarsomeres: iav, inner apical spur ventral; iam, inner apical spur medial; iad, inner apical spur
dorsal; 9–Leg I, inner view; 10–tibia and tarsus: 1 to 4, tibia subapical inner spurs; 1 to 5, tibia subapical outer spurs; a to d, basitarsus
outer spines; e and f, basitarsus inner spines; g and h, basitarsus apical spurs. Scale lines: fig. 1 = 0.5 cm, figs 2 to 10 = 1 mm.
Bol. Soc. Zool. Uruguay (2ª época). 2026. ISSN 2393-6940Vol. 35(1): e35.1.5
5Two new species of Tree-Crickets Oecanthidae from Uruguay
longer than wide in lateral view, ommatids black,
ommatids depigmented where lies the antennal scape
(Figs. 18-19); antennal scape, pedicel, and
flagellomeres uniformly light brown (Figs 16, 18-19);
gena, clypeus and labrum whitish, mandibles whitish,
outlined with dark brown; maxillary palpi whitish,
palpomere 3 longer than 4, palpomeres 4 and 5
subequal in length, the latter claviform; labial palpi
whitish, increasing in size towards the apex (Fig. 19).
Pronotum. Dorsal disc pubescent, dark brown;
cephalic margin slightly concave, with bristles; caudal
margin slightly convex, with bristles, wider than
cephalic margin (Fig. 19); lateral lobes dark brown;
ventrocephalic margin whitish (Fig. 19). Legs. Femora
I, II and III light brown, the same color as the abdomen
ventrally, except for the apex of femur III brown; tibiae
and tarsus I, II and III brown. Legs I: tibia I with two
ventral apical spurs, equal in length, and one dorsal
inner apical spur, longer than the ventral spurs;
tympana absent. Legs II: tibia II with two ventral spurs,
equal in length, and two dorsal spurs, shorter than the
ventral ones. Legs III. femur III slightly longer than
tibiae III; light brown, with a longitudinal brown stripe on
outer face, apex dark brown (Fig. 23). Tibia III with 5
outer and 4 inner subapical spurs (5/4), each side with
one spine between the spurs, 5 spines decreasing in
size beyond the fourth inner subapical spur, and 3
spines beyond the fifth inner subapical spur (Fig. 26);
tibia III with 3 inner and 3 outer apical spurs (3/3); inner
apical spurs decreasing in size: dorsal longest (iad),
median shorter (iam), ventral smallest (iav) (Fig. 24);
outer apical spurs: median longest (oam), dorsal
slightly shorter (oad), ventral nearly equal in length to
dorsal (oav) (Fig. 27); spurs and spines tipped with dark
brown. Basitarsus with 3 outer (Fig. 27, a-d) and 2 inner
dorsal spines (Fig. 24, e-f) (3/2), and two apical spurs,
both long and equal in size (Figs 24, 27). Wings.
Forewings reach seventh abdominal tergite (Fig. 16);
dorsal field with 6 dark brown longitudinal veins; lateral
field includes a radial vein (R), and 4 subcostal veins
(Sc), first with one branch, second and fourth
unbranched, third with one branch; dorsal and lateral
Figs. 11–15. Genitalia of the holotype of Brazitrypa australis sp. nov. 11—dorsal view; 12—ventral view; 13—lateral view;
14—latero-ventral view; 15—posterior view. Abbreviations: LLophi, lateral lophi (a, branch bent backward; b, branch directed
inward; c, transparent lobe projected medially); PsP, pseudepiphallic parameres; EctAp, ectophallic apodeme; Arc, ectophallic arc;
EctF, ectophallic fold; vpEct, ventral projection of ectophallic invagination; EndSc, endophallic sclerite. Scale lines: 0.5 mm.
Bol. Soc. Zool. Uruguay (2ª época). 2026. ISSN 2393-6940Vol. 35(1): e35.1.5
ZEFA et al.
fields with numerous weak crossveins between
longitudinal veins (Fig. 17); stridulatory apparatus
absent. Hindwings the same length as forewings.
Metanotal Structures. Anterolateral regions inflated,
whitish, without bristles (Fig. 20a); median tubercle
covered with bristles, posterior margin strongly
sclerotized (Figs. 20b-21b); transverse median
process petal-shaped (Fig. 21c); a trapezoidal
structure, curved dorsoposteriorly at the apex, whitish
at the anterior region and lateral margins (Figs. 20d-
21d). Abdomen. Posterior tergites dark brown, the last
three abdominal tergites darker, supranal plate dark
brown; abdominal sternites light brown, contrasting
with the subgenital plate, dark brown. Supranal plate
trapezoidal in shape (Fig. 22, sap). Subgenital plate
pubescent, longer than wide, posterior margin oval
(Fig. 22sgp, 25). Male genitalia. Pseudepiphallus:
pseudepiphallic sclerite longer than wide (Figs. 28-30);
Lateral Lophi (LLophi) curved inward (Figs. 28-29),
forming two short sclerotized branches; one pointed
and bent backward (Fig. 32, LLophi a); other branch
reduced and directed inward (Fig. 32, LLophi b);
6
Bol. Soc. Zool. Uruguay (2ª época). 2026. ISSN 2393-6940Vol. 35(1): e35.1.5
Figs. 16–27. Habitus of Brazitrypa brevipennis sp. nov. 1–Holotype, lateral view; 17–Right tegmen: df, dorsal field; lf, lateral field;
18–Head and pronotum, dorsal view; 19–Head and pronotum, lateral view; 20–Metanotal structures, dorsal view: a, anterolateral
regions; b, median tubercle; c, transverse median process; d, anteromedial projections; 21—Metanotal structures, magnification: b,
median tubercle; d, anteromedial projections; 22–terminalia, dorsal view: sap, supranal plate; sgp, subgenital plate; 23–hind leg;
24–tibia apex and tarsomeres: iav, inner apical spur ventral; iam, inner apical spur medial; iad, inner apical spur dorsal;
25–subgenital plate; 26–tibia and tarsus: 1 to 4, tibia subapical inner spurs; 1 to 5, tibia subapical outer spurs; a to d, basitarsus outer
spines; e and f, basitarsus inner spines; g and h, basitarsus apical spurs; 27— tibia apex and tarsomeres: oav, outer apical spur
ventral; oam, outer apical spur medial; oad, outer apical spur dorsal. Scale lines: fig. 1 = 0.5 cm, figs. 17 to 27 = 1 mm.
between these branches, an unsclerotized,
transparent lobe projected medially toward apex of
ectophallic fold (Fig. 32, LLophi c); pseudepiphallic
apodeme absent. Pseudepiphallic parameres (PsP)
well developed, apex divided into two lobes, straight
and inclined inward (Figs. 29-30), reaching the
posterior margin of the LLophi. Rami (R) slightly
arched, same length as pseudepiphallus (Figs. 28-30).
Ectophallic invagination: ectophallic apodeme well
developed, forming a sclerotized bar projected
posteriorly, surpassing posterior margin of
pseudepiphallus (Figs. 28-29, EctAp); ectophallic arc
well developed and incomplete (Figs. 28-29, Arc);
ventral projections of ectophallic invagination shorter
than EctAp (Fig. 29, 31, vpEct); ectophallic fold well
sclerotized, posterior apex truncated (Figs. 29, 32,
EctF). Endophallus: endophallic sclerite elongate,
homogeneously sclerotized, dorsoventrally flattened,
slightly wrinkled; anterior margin dilated, endophallic
apodeme sharp-pointed (Figs. 28-29, EndSc).
Measurements (mm): body length, 23.4; head length,
2.94; pronotum length, 3.75; pronotum anterior (3.3)
and posterior (4.8) margin width; femur length, 8.81;
tibiae length, 6.05.
Female: unknown.
Habitat of both new species. Specimens were
collected at night while moving on tree trunks, along the
Uruguay river margin. The vegetation corresponds to
riparian (fluvial or gallery) forest, floristically distinct
from other regions of the country. The understory and
7Two new species of Tree-Crickets Oecanthidae from Uruguay
Figs. 28-32. Genitalia of the holotype of Brazitrypa brevipennis sp. nov. 28—dorsal view; 29—lateral view; 30—ventral view;
31—diagonal view; 32—posterior view. Abbreviations: LLophi, lateral lophi (a, branch bent backward; b, branch directed inward; c,
transparent lobe projected medially); PsP, pseudepiphallic parameres; EctAp, ectophallic apodeme; Arc, ectophallic arc; EctF,
ectophallic fold; vpEct, ventral projection of ectophallic invagination; EndSc, endophallic sclerite; EndAp, endophallic apodeme; R,
rami. Scale lines: 0.5 mm.
Bol. Soc. Zool. Uruguay (2ª época). 2026. ISSN 2393-6940Vol. 35(1): e35.1.5
lower strata are dominated by Allophylus edulis (chal-
chal) and Scutia buxifolia (coronilla). The upper stratum
consists of tall trees forming a closed canopy.
Myrtaceae are well represented, including Myrcianthes
pungens (guaviyú), Eugenia uniflora (pitanga), and
Hexachlamys edulis (ubajay), together with Myrsine
spp. (canelón), some species reaching large size.
Chal-chal, coronilla, and canelón are typical of less
humid or more xerophytic areas farther from the river,
whereas ubajay is restricted to forests along the
Uruguay river and the lower reaches of its tributaries
(Brussa & Grela, 2007).
DISCUSSION
Brazitrypa australis sp. nov. and B. brevipennis sp.
nov. represent the first record of Oecanthidae species
with type localities in Uruguay (Fig. 33). The recognition
of both new species is based on the main diagnostic
structures traditionally used for Neometrypini crickets,
particularly the morphology of the phallic sclerites and
metanotal structures (Campos & Desutter-Grandcolas,
2020; Campos et al., 2022). These characters provide
consistent evidence to distinguish B. australis sp. nov.
and B. brevipennis sp. nov. from the four congeners for
which male genitalia have been described: B. cornuta,
B. longiapex, B. paranaensis, and B. paulista.
The genitalia of Brazitrypa species are
characterized by the absence of the median lophi
(MLophi) and the endophallic apodeme (EndAp), and
by pseudepiphallic parameres (PsP) with the apex
divided into two lobes (Campos et al., 2022). Both new
species described herein share these general features
but differ from the aforementioned species by
presenting lateral lophi (LLophi) forming a bilobed hook
curved inward and PsP reaching the posterior margin
of the LLophi. In addition, B. australis sp. nov. differs
from B. brevipennis sp. nov. by having the ectophallic
apodeme and ectophallic arc reduced, whereas in B.
brevipennis sp. nov. these sclerites are well
developed. The endophallic sclerite of B. brevipennis
sp. nov. is further distinguished by its unique
morphology, being elongate, slightly wrinkled, with a
dilated anterior region bearing a pointed endophallic
apodeme, a structure not previously reported for
species of Brazitrypa.
Metanotal structures have been described for B.
cornuta (Campos & Desutter-Grandcolas, 2020), B.
paranaensis (Souza-Dias & de Mello, 2010), and B.
longiapex (Gorochov, 2011). The latter two species
differ mainly in the shape of the median tubercle, which
is conical and anteriorly projected in B. paranaensis
and oval in B. longiapex. In contrast, in B. australis sp.
nov., B. brevipennis sp. nov., and B. cornuta, the
tubercle is posteriorly directed. In B. cornuta, it is
trapezoidal; in B. australis sp. nov., globose with a
trapezoidal posterior margin; and in B. brevipennis sp.
nov., bearing a well-sclerotized posterior margin.
The metanotal transverse median process is similar
in B. australis sp. nov. and B. brevipennis sp. nov.,
being petal-shaped in both species, whereas in B.
cornuta, B. paranaensis, and B. longiapex it appears as
a dilated transverse bar. The anteromedial projections
are relatively similar in B. australis sp. nov., B.
brevipennis sp. nov., and B. cornuta (Campos &
Desutter-Grandcolas, 2020), although more
developed in the latter. In B. paranaensis (Souza-Dias
& de Mello, 2010) and B. longiapex (Gorochov, 2011),
these projections are poorly developed.
In addition to the phallic sclerites and metanotal
structures, both new species are also readily
distinguished from each other by forewing length. In B.
australis sp. nov., the forewings cover the entire
abdomen, whereas in B. brevipennis sp. nov. they are
distinctly shortened, reaching only the seventh
abdominal tergite.
The morphology of the supra- and subgenital plates
provides additional distinctive characters. The
supranal plate of B. paranaensis (Souza-Dias & de
Mello, 2010) resembles that of B. brevipennis sp. nov.
and B. australis sp. nov.; however, in B. australis sp.
nov. the plate is slightly wider than long. In B.
longiapex, the supra-anal plate is conical (Gorochov,
2011), whereas in B. cornuta it is trapezoidal, with a
wide base and a narrower apex (Campos & Desutter-
Grandcolas, 2020). The subgenital plate of B.
brevipennis sp. nov. and B. australis sp. nov.
resembles that of B. paranaensis, differing from the
conical subgenital plate observed in B. longiapex and
B. cornuta (Gorochov, 2011; Campos & Desutter-
Grandcolas, 2020).
The remaining species of Brazitrypa (B. haanii, B.
maroniensis, and B. bahiensis) lack sufficient
morphological information to allow detailed
comparison with both new species. Brazitrypa
maroniensis and B. bahiensis were described
exclusively based on females, which precludes direct
comparison with B. australis sp. nov. and B.
brevipennis sp. nov.
The inclusion of B. haanii in Brazitrypa remains
doubtful due to the presence of stridulatory structures
on the tegmina (Gorochov, 2011), a feature absent in B.
australis sp. nov. and B. brevipennis sp. nov.
Brazitrypa maroniensis differs from both new species
by having two spines between each pair of inner and
outer subapical spurs on the metathoracic tibia (TIII)
(Campos & Desutter-Grandcolas, 2020), whereas only
a single spine is present in B. australis sp. nov. and B.
brevipennis sp. nov. Brazitrypa bahiensis shows no
diagnostic characters that clearly separate it from B.
australis sp. nov. and B. brevipennis sp. nov. based on
the available information; however, the large
geographic distance between their type localities
supports their recognition as distinct species
The genera Brazitrypa and Tafalisca share several
morphological features, which has historically led to
confusion in species identification. Recent taxonomic
8
ZEFA et al.
Bol. Soc. Zool. Uruguay (2ª época). 2026. ISSN 2393-6940Vol. 35(1): e35.1.5