EPIBIONTES ASOCIADOS A LA BASURA MARINA EN PLAYAS DE URUGUAY, POSIBLES INDICADORES DE SU ORIGEN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26462/34.1.15Palabras clave:
basura marina, plásticos, playas de arena, epibiontesResumen
La basura marina antropogénica ha sido reconocida como un serio problema ambiental, económico, de salud humana y estético a nivel mundial. Las playas de arena proveen una gran cantidad de servicios ecosistémicos además de recreación, y son altamente afectadas por la presencia de basura. En este trabajo se evaluó la composición de la basura marina encontrada en tres playas oceánicas de Uruguay, y se determinó su flotabilidad y la presencia/ ausencia de organismos epibiontes sobre ella. Los plásticos flotantes sin epibiontes fueron el tipo de ítem más abundante en todas las playas, la ausencia de epibiontes permitió inferir que las fuentes son principalmente locales. También se registró una pequeña proporción de plásticos flotantes con epibiontes (bivalvos, briozoos y balanos), indicando evidencia de que estos ítems permanecieron en el medio marino durante un tiempo suficiente para ser colonizados antes de ser depositados en la playa, posiblemente impulsados por las corrientes. Nuestros resultados sugieren que gran parte de la basura es de origen local. Esto podría ser una consecuencia de una deficiente gestión de residuos que se derivan de la actividad humana en la región. Por ello, se recomienda abordar el problema desde una perspectiva local de gestión y educación ambiental comunitaria.
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